Human olfactory mucosa cell model opens a new perspective on Alzheimer’s disease

"This unique approach has revealed that cells located in the nasal cavity are impaired in patients with Alzheimer's disease," says Early-stage Researcher Riikka Lampinen.

"Not only are transcriptional alterations observed, but also the functions of these patient-derived cells are impaired."

The new cell model and the results were published inCellstoday.

Alzheimer's disease is a devastating, chronic disease for which there is no cure or effective treatment. Therefore, new human-based approaches are needed to understand and combat the disease pathophysiology. The new results from the research group of Associate Professor Katja Kanninen could in the future provide important insight into why a large proportion of Alzheimer's disease patients suffer from a disturbed sense of smell early in the disease pathogenesis. Furthermore, this new research model that reflects human physiology has wide utility in allowing detailed investigation of disease mechanisms that could lead to new drug discoveries.

The olfactory mucosa has been proposed as an entry point of air pollutants and viruses to the brain.

"Our current work is focused on understanding in detail how viral infections or the exposure to air pollutants affect the cells of the olfactory mucosa," Katja Kanninen says.

While these results are yet to be published, they are eagerly awaited in hopes of providing important insight into how agents that are inhaled in air could gain access to the brain, and thus disturb its function.