//www.koonmotors.com/news/science_society/legal_issues/ Legal issues pertaining to science, the environment and health. Read the latest scientific research. en-us Thu, 07 Sep 2023 22:55:33 EDT Thu, 07 Sep 2023 22:55:33 EDT 60 //www.koonmotors.com/images/scidaily-logo-rss.png//www.koonmotors.com/news/science_society/legal_issues/ For more science news, visit ScienceDaily. //www.koonmotors.com/releases/2023/08/230830195937.htm A new economic analysis has linked, for the first time, conduct problems among kindergarten students with significant costs to society in terms of crime and associated medical expenses and lost productivity when they are adults. Wed, 30 Aug 2023 19:59:37 EDT //www.koonmotors.com/releases/2023/08/230830195937.htm //www.koonmotors.com/releases/2023/08/230822151724.htm It's human nature to be judgmental. But why do we place less blame on someone, or give more praise, if we find out that person had a history of suffering in childhood? In a recent study, researchers discovered why someone's childhood adversity influences how others judge their behavior. Tue, 22 Aug 2023 15:17:24 EDT //www.koonmotors.com/releases/2023/08/230822151724.htm //www.koonmotors.com/releases/2023/08/230810110404.htm Legal restrictions placed on the amount of time young people in China can play video games may be less effective than originally thought, a new study has revealed. Thu, 10 Aug 2023 11:04:04 EDT //www.koonmotors.com/releases/2023/08/230810110404.htm //www.koonmotors.com/releases/2023/08/230808110934.htm Current efforts to protect and restore native biodiversity is being threatened by difficulties in identifying wild and domestic cats, and categorization is likely to remain fraught for the foreseeable future, experts have warned. Tue, 08 Aug 2023 11:09:34 EDT //www.koonmotors.com/releases/2023/08/230808110934.htm //www.koonmotors.com/releases/2023/08/230801152856.htm An evaluation of 17 previously published studies suggests that exposure to lead in the womb or in childhood is associated with an increased risk of engaging in criminal behavior in adulthood -- but more evidence is needed to strengthen understanding. Tue, 01 Aug 2023 15:28:56 EDT //www.koonmotors.com/releases/2023/08/230801152856.htm //www.koonmotors.com/releases/2023/07/230728170619.htm Four decades of conservation spending totaling more than $9 billion in inflation-adjusted tax dollars has failed to improve stocks of wild salmon and steelhead in the Columbia River Basin. Fri, 28 Jul 2023 17:06:19 EDT //www.koonmotors.com/releases/2023/07/230728170619.htm //www.koonmotors.com/releases/2023/07/230710113228.htm 印尼最大的热带雨林in Southeast Asia and over 17,500 islands, is a country packed with biodiversity and endangered species. However, scientists studying the region's species and ecosystems are getting banned from Indonesia, and conservation plans are being blocked. A team of conservation researchers with long-term experience in Indonesia discuss scientific suppression and other research challenges they have witnessed while working in the region. They offer suggestions for how to promote nature conservation, protect data transparency, and share research with the public in this and other regions of the world. Mon, 10 Jul 2023 11:32:28 EDT //www.koonmotors.com/releases/2023/07/230710113228.htm //www.koonmotors.com/releases/2023/07/230706152735.htm Discoveries by forensic scientists about how gunshot residue behaves on skin, hair and fabric will allow crime scene investigators to catch up to the proliferation of new, eco-friendly types of ammunition and make faster, more informed decisions at crime scenes and in forensic laboratories. Thu, 06 Jul 2023 15:27:35 EDT //www.koonmotors.com/releases/2023/07/230706152735.htm //www.koonmotors.com/releases/2023/05/230525141526.htm As robots assume more roles in the world, a new analysis reviewed research on robot rights, concluding that granting rights to robots is a bad idea. Instead, the article looks to Confucianism to offer an alternative. Thu, 25 May 2023 14:15:26 EDT //www.koonmotors.com/releases/2023/05/230525141526.htm //www.koonmotors.com/releases/2023/04/230403162459.htm It is possible to retrieve forensically relevant information from human DNA in household dust. Mon, 03 Apr 2023 16:24:59 EDT //www.koonmotors.com/releases/2023/04/230403162459.htm //www.koonmotors.com/releases/2023/03/230321112517.htm Research in languages other than English is critically important for biodiversity conservation and is shockingly under-utilized internationally, according to an international research team. Tue, 21 Mar 2023 11:25:17 EDT //www.koonmotors.com/releases/2023/03/230321112517.htm //www.koonmotors.com/releases/2023/02/230201084403.htm Researchers have developed and repeatedly tested a procedure that captures more information from eyewitnesses and improves the accuracy of lineups in police investigations. Wed, 01 Feb 2023 08:44:03 EST //www.koonmotors.com/releases/2023/02/230201084403.htm //www.koonmotors.com/releases/2022/11/221107103212.htm The forensic-voice-comparison system, based on state-of-the-art automatic-speaker-recognition technology, outperformed all the listeners. Mon, 07 Nov 2022 10:32:12 EST //www.koonmotors.com/releases/2022/11/221107103212.htm //www.koonmotors.com/releases/2022/10/221031104414.htm The researchers suggest that mass school shootings are different from other forms of mass murder, and that they should be looked at as a distinct phenomenon. Factors other than severe mental illness contribute to the vast majority of cases. Mon, 31 Oct 2022 10:44:14 EDT //www.koonmotors.com/releases/2022/10/221031104414.htm //www.koonmotors.com/releases/2022/10/221019111423.htm Myanmar, a country in Southeast Asia, is plagued by political and economic crises. The fall of a president, a military putsch and the crackdown on religious minorities have had an impact not only on life but also on research in the country. One area of research that has been particularly affected is research into fossils preserved in amber. Researchers have conducted a case study proving the negative impact political conflicts have on research. They examined scientific publications from the last three decades describing fossils in amber from Myanmar. Their results indicate that the increased research interest in Myanmar amber is explicitly linked to major political, legal and economic changes. Wed, 19 Oct 2022 11:14:23 EDT //www.koonmotors.com/releases/2022/10/221019111423.htm //www.koonmotors.com/releases/2022/10/221013194053.htm Watch any episode of 'CSI,' and a character will use forensic DNA profiling to identify a criminal. A new study suggests that these forensic profiles may indirectly reveal medical information -- perhaps even those of crime victims -- contrary to what the legal field has believed for nearly 30 years. The findings could have ethical and legal implications. Thu, 13 Oct 2022 19:40:53 EDT //www.koonmotors.com/releases/2022/10/221013194053.htm //www.koonmotors.com/releases/2022/10/221012101717.htm Maintaining green parks and gardens in cities has the potential to lower the risk of crime, research suggests. More green space in a city is linked with lower risk of crime against property -- such as burglary, arson and vandalism -- and less risk of violent offences, the study found. Wed, 12 Oct 2022 10:17:17 EDT //www.koonmotors.com/releases/2022/10/221012101717.htm //www.koonmotors.com/releases/2022/09/220929132609.htm In 2016, North Carolina enacted legislation providing legal protections to people who make use of programs designed to reduce harms associated with illegal drug use. However, a new study finds these legal protections are not recognized uniformly by law enforcement, raising questions about the extent to which the actions of law enforcement personnel are hampering the effectiveness of these programs. Thu, 29 Sep 2022 13:26:09 EDT //www.koonmotors.com/releases/2022/09/220929132609.htm //www.koonmotors.com/releases/2022/09/220921092952.htm Forensic dramas on TV make it seem easy to determine when fingerprints were left at the scene of a crime. In reality, the oils in fingerprints degrade over time, and it's difficult to figure out their age. Now, researchers have discovered molecular markers for changes to these oils over a seven-day time period -- information that could be used to estimate fingerprints' ages more accurately. Wed, 21 Sep 2022 09:29:52 EDT //www.koonmotors.com/releases/2022/09/220921092952.htm //www.koonmotors.com/releases/2022/09/220920115436.htm A new study has found that the average rate of assaults with firearms increased an average of 9.5 percent relative to forecasted trends in the first 10 years after 34 states relaxed restrictions on civilians carrying concealed firearms in public. Tue, 20 Sep 2022 11:54:36 EDT //www.koonmotors.com/releases/2022/09/220920115436.htm //www.koonmotors.com/releases/2022/09/220907093426.htm 研究人员估计,超过110万sea turtles have been illegally killed and, in some cases, trafficked between 1990 and 2020. Even with existing laws prohibiting their capture and use, as many as 44,000 sea turtles were exploited each year over the past decade in 65 countries or territories and in 44 of the world's 58 major sea turtle populations. Despite the seemingly large number of poached turtles, the study also shows that the reported illegal exploitation of sea turtles declined by approximately 28% over the last decade. Wed, 07 Sep 2022 09:34:26 EDT //www.koonmotors.com/releases/2022/09/220907093426.htm //www.koonmotors.com/releases/2022/08/220830145151.htm Wildlife hunting motivations and resulting ecological consequences vary depending on the socio-economic context across Africa and Europe, according to a new study. Despite these shifts, the intensity of hunting varies less than commonly expected across this North-South context. Tue, 30 Aug 2022 14:51:51 EDT //www.koonmotors.com/releases/2022/08/220830145151.htm //www.koonmotors.com/releases/2022/08/220827092455.htm A new first-of-its-kind study of twins finds that residents of states where recreational marijuana is legal use it 24% more frequently than those in states where it's illegal. It's among the strongest evidence yet that legalization increases use. Sat, 27 Aug 2022 09:24:55 EDT //www.koonmotors.com/releases/2022/08/220827092455.htm //www.koonmotors.com/releases/2022/08/220816142609.htm A new framework for classifying the positive impacts of non-native species will allow conservationists and policymakers to make better-informed management decisions, according to a new article. Tue, 16 Aug 2022 14:26:09 EDT //www.koonmotors.com/releases/2022/08/220816142609.htm //www.koonmotors.com/releases/2022/07/220720121101.htm Researchers sampled nearly 10,000 shark fin trimmings from markets in Hong Kong -- one of the largest shark fin trade hubs in the world. With a little DNA detective work, they unraveled the mystery of what fin belonged to what species, and found that endangered or threatened species were disproportionately represented in the trade, highlighting the need for additional international regulations in trade and shark management practices. Wed, 20 Jul 2022 12:11:01 EDT //www.koonmotors.com/releases/2022/07/220720121101.htm //www.koonmotors.com/releases/2022/07/220719162133.htm A new study found that rates of cannabis use and daily cannabis use have increased across the U.S., and current cannabis use and daily use are substantially higher among individuals residing in states that have legalized recreational cannabis use. Rates of cannabis use are even higher among Americans 12 and older who smoke cigarettes, and who reside in states with recreational cannabis laws, compared to those who live in states where cannabis was illegal in 2017. Tue, 19 Jul 2022 16:21:33 EDT //www.koonmotors.com/releases/2022/07/220719162133.htm //www.koonmotors.com/releases/2022/07/220714091056.htm A new study of data from Chicago found that the neighborhoods where violent crime fell the most, cardiovascular disease mortality fell sharply, too Thu, 14 Jul 2022 09:10:56 EDT //www.koonmotors.com/releases/2022/07/220714091056.htm //www.koonmotors.com/releases/2022/07/220706133344.htm Conservationists have conducted the first comprehensive review of national laws across the range of the jaguar (Panthera onca) to show opportunities for strengthening legal protections of the largest cat species found in the Americas. Wed, 06 Jul 2022 13:33:44 EDT //www.koonmotors.com/releases/2022/07/220706133344.htm //www.koonmotors.com/releases/2022/07/220705090704.htm 在最近的一项研究中,研究人员发现,邻居hoods with more dogs had lower rates of homicide, robbery and, to a lesser extent, aggravated assaults compared to areas with fewer dogs, at least when residents also had high levels of trust in each other. Tue, 05 Jul 2022 09:07:04 EDT //www.koonmotors.com/releases/2022/07/220705090704.htm //www.koonmotors.com/releases/2022/06/220630114501.htm A new computer model uses publicly available data to predict crime accurately in eight U.S. cities, while revealing increased police response in wealthy neighborhoods at the expense of less advantaged areas. Thu, 30 Jun 2022 11:45:01 EDT //www.koonmotors.com/releases/2022/06/220630114501.htm //www.koonmotors.com/releases/2022/06/220608142938.htm As cities test different approaches to handling 911 calls, a new study shows dispatching mental health specialists for nonviolent emergencies can be beneficial. In Denver, it reduced reports of less serious crimes and lowered response costs. Wed, 08 Jun 2022 14:29:38 EDT //www.koonmotors.com/releases/2022/06/220608142938.htm //www.koonmotors.com/releases/2022/06/220602142210.htm New research reveals that 44 percent of Earth's land area -- some 64 million square kilometers (24.7 million square miles) requires conservation to safeguard biodiversity. Thu, 02 Jun 2022 14:22:10 EDT //www.koonmotors.com/releases/2022/06/220602142210.htm //www.koonmotors.com/releases/2022/06/220601200018.htm The day is coming -- some say has already arrived -- when new inventions that benefit society are dreamt up by artificial intelligence all on its own. Wed, 01 Jun 2022 20:00:18 EDT //www.koonmotors.com/releases/2022/06/220601200018.htm //www.koonmotors.com/releases/2022/05/220519081106.htm Praying mantises have gained recent popularity as pets, sold at animal fairs and pet markets, but also collected in the wild by a fast-growing community of hobbyists and professional marketers. An overview of this market's dynamics reports on both problems and opportunities of the pet mantis market, like the absence of regulations, but also the potential of a stronger collaboration between hobbyists and scientists for biodiversity conservation. Thu, 19 May 2022 08:11:06 EDT //www.koonmotors.com/releases/2022/05/220519081106.htm //www.koonmotors.com/releases/2022/04/220421100138.htm The animal collections housed at zoos and natural history museums -- living specimens in the first case, preserved in the other -- constitute an exhaustive trove of information about Earth's biodiversity. A new paper lays out a pathway to increasing collaboration between these groups that would enhance our understanding of the animal kingdom. Thu, 21 Apr 2022 10:01:38 EDT //www.koonmotors.com/releases/2022/04/220421100138.htm //www.koonmotors.com/releases/2022/04/220412095416.htm New research is helping law enforcement agents, forensic scientists and historians uncover attempts to hide victims. Tue, 12 Apr 2022 09:54:16 EDT //www.koonmotors.com/releases/2022/04/220412095416.htm //www.koonmotors.com/releases/2022/04/220407141854.htm New research shows that private protected areas help conserve underrepresented biomes and highly threatened regions. Researchers have assessed 17,561 privately protected areas in 15 countries across five continents. Their findings reveal that compared to state protected areas, PPAs are twice as likely to be in areas with the greatest human disturbance, such as regions used for agriculture and mining. They are three times more likely to be in biomes with almost no established conservation reserves and protect 1.2% of key biodiversity areas. Thu, 07 Apr 2022 14:18:54 EDT //www.koonmotors.com/releases/2022/04/220407141854.htm //www.koonmotors.com/releases/2022/03/220331101518.htm Skin cells and their DNA varies between individuals, but new data shows that some groups of people have higher variability in their cell deposits. The South Australian forensic science researchers are building a suite of new insights into crime scene investigation -- including the difference between high, intermediate and low skin 'shedders' that will help understanding of trace or 'touch DNA'. Thu, 31 Mar 2022 10:15:18 EDT //www.koonmotors.com/releases/2022/03/220331101518.htm //www.koonmotors.com/releases/2022/03/220323101219.htm A new study has found that costs of conservation projects are rarely reported, making it difficult for others to make decisions on the most cost-effective interventions at a time when funding for biodiversity conservation is severely limited. Wed, 23 Mar 2022 10:12:19 EDT //www.koonmotors.com/releases/2022/03/220323101219.htm //www.koonmotors.com/releases/2022/03/220307162035.htm A new study from cognitive scientists offers an answer to why legal documents such as contracts or deeds are often so impenetrable. Mon, 07 Mar 2022 16:20:35 EST //www.koonmotors.com/releases/2022/03/220307162035.htm //www.koonmotors.com/releases/2022/02/220216111823.htm A new study among young Danish men confirms the assumption that risk-tolerant, impatient and self-centered people are more likely to commit crimes than risk averse, patient and altruistic people are. Wed, 16 Feb 2022 11:18:23 EST //www.koonmotors.com/releases/2022/02/220216111823.htm //www.koonmotors.com/releases/2022/02/220214111746.htm Scientists have used genetic testing of ivory shipments seized by law enforcement to uncover the international criminal networks behind ivory trafficking out of Africa. The genetic connections across shipments that they've uncovered exposes an even higher degree of organization among ivory smuggling networks than previously known. The article incorporates results from DNA testing of more than 4,000 African elephant tusks from 49 different ivory seizures made in 12 African nations over a 17-year period. Mon, 14 Feb 2022 11:17:46 EST //www.koonmotors.com/releases/2022/02/220214111746.htm //www.koonmotors.com/releases/2022/02/220208105227.htm Gabon's network of Marine Protected Areas (MPAs) provides a blueprint that could be used in many other countries, experts say. Since announcing a new MPA network in 2014, Gabon has created 20 protected areas -- increasing protection of Gabonese waters from less than 1% to 26%. Tue, 08 Feb 2022 10:52:27 EST //www.koonmotors.com/releases/2022/02/220208105227.htm //www.koonmotors.com/releases/2022/01/220120091200.htm Online food retailers do not consistently display nutrition information on their websites -- and U.S. laws are lagging behind in mandating the same labeling required for foods sold in brick-and-mortar stores, according to a new analysis. Thu, 20 Jan 2022 09:12:00 EST //www.koonmotors.com/releases/2022/01/220120091200.htm //www.koonmotors.com/releases/2021/12/211210093023.htm A study showed that -- within an appropriate framework -- gait recognition could be a viable technique for protecting individuals and their data from potential crime. Fri, 10 Dec 2021 09:30:23 EST //www.koonmotors.com/releases/2021/12/211210093023.htm //www.koonmotors.com/releases/2021/12/211206220100.htm As many as a half of all drinkers underestimated how drunk they were, judging themselves still safe to drive despite having exceeded the legal driving limit. Mon, 06 Dec 2021 22:01:00 EST //www.koonmotors.com/releases/2021/12/211206220100.htm //www.koonmotors.com/releases/2021/11/211115123541.htm Researchers have trained computers to predict the next designer drugs before they are even on the market, technology that could save lives. Identifying these so-called 'legal highs' within seized pills or powders can take months, during which time thousands of people may have already used a new designer drug. But new research is already helping law enforcement agencies around the world to cut identification time down from months to days, crucial in the race to identify and regulate new versions of dangerous psychoactive drugs. Mon, 15 Nov 2021 12:35:41 EST //www.koonmotors.com/releases/2021/11/211115123541.htm //www.koonmotors.com/releases/2021/11/211115123152.htm Efforts to protect threatened and endangered species in central Africa might be more successful if they focused on a smaller geographic area, new research suggests. Mon, 15 Nov 2021 12:31:52 EST //www.koonmotors.com/releases/2021/11/211115123152.htm //www.koonmotors.com/releases/2021/11/211103181255.htm Psychological scientists and criminologists say our system of jurisprudence needs a simple no-cost reform -- switch to testing eyewitnesses for their memory of suspects only once. Wed, 03 Nov 2021 18:12:55 EDT //www.koonmotors.com/releases/2021/11/211103181255.htm //www.koonmotors.com/releases/2021/10/211021121050.htm Researchers have highlighted that the illegal and unsustainable global wildlife trade has bigger ramifications on our everyday lives than you might think. Thu, 21 Oct 2021 12:10:50 EDT //www.koonmotors.com/releases/2021/10/211021121050.htm //www.koonmotors.com/releases/2021/10/211013104605.htm Illegal or unsustainable wildlife trade affects biodiversity, ecosystem services, people's livelihood, and economies all over the world. Worldwide experts warn about the perils related to this activity and provide a roadmap for curbing its growth. Wed, 13 Oct 2021 10:46:05 EDT //www.koonmotors.com/releases/2021/10/211013104605.htm //www.koonmotors.com/releases/2021/10/211007145822.htm It is commonly assumed that any important scientific knowledge would be available in English, and so scientific knowledge used in international studies is predominantly sourced from English-language documents. But is this assumption correct? According to new research, the answer is no, and science written in languages other than English may hold untapped information crucial to the conservation of global biodiversity. Thu, 07 Oct 2021 14:58:22 EDT //www.koonmotors.com/releases/2021/10/211007145822.htm //www.koonmotors.com/releases/2021/09/210907094715.htm The Prime Minister of the United Kingdom has pledged to protect 30% of land to support the recovery of nature, but a new study finds that much of the new land that has been allocated to meet this aspiration is not in the highest priority areas for biodiversity conservation. Tue, 07 Sep 2021 09:47:15 EDT //www.koonmotors.com/releases/2021/09/210907094715.htm //www.koonmotors.com/releases/2021/08/210817111409.htm New research has found that the habitats of West African (western) chimpanzees are threatened due to inadequate legislative protection from human development. Tue, 17 Aug 2021 11:14:09 EDT //www.koonmotors.com/releases/2021/08/210817111409.htm //www.koonmotors.com/releases/2021/07/210729083431.htm Conservation science and policy could be saving more biodiversity by shifting to measurements and decisions based on preventing the loss of ecosystems and species within protected areas. Thu, 29 Jul 2021 08:34:31 EDT //www.koonmotors.com/releases/2021/07/210729083431.htm //www.koonmotors.com/releases/2021/07/210708111505.htm In a new article, researchers provide an overview of sample preparation techniques and information on routine sample types that may be encountered in forensic toxicology cases. Thu, 08 Jul 2021 11:15:05 EDT //www.koonmotors.com/releases/2021/07/210708111505.htm //www.koonmotors.com/releases/2021/06/210629101233.htm A conclusive narrative review has found physical punishment of children is not effective in preventing child behavior problems or promoting positive outcomes and instead predicts increases in behavior problems and other poor outcomes over time. Tue, 29 Jun 2021 10:12:33 EDT //www.koonmotors.com/releases/2021/06/210629101233.htm //www.koonmotors.com/releases/2021/06/210622154348.htm The story of efforts to conserve the endangered oribi in South Africa represent a diaspora of issues as varied as the people who live there. Tue, 22 Jun 2021 15:43:48 EDT //www.koonmotors.com/releases/2021/06/210622154348.htm //www.koonmotors.com/releases/2021/05/210506105420.htm Researchers describe the improved mathematical methodology of an open source tool called Gerrychain, which can help observers detect gerrymandering in a voting district plan by creating an ensemble of alternate maps that also meet legal voting criteria. Thu, 06 May 2021 10:54:20 EDT //www.koonmotors.com/releases/2021/05/210506105420.htm //www.koonmotors.com/releases/2021/04/210420160903.htm Concern tends to ratchet up a notch when pollution enters the river runoff discussion on a national scale, specifically when smaller, navigable intrastate bodies of water push pollution into larger interstate waters often involved in commerce (i.e. the Mississippi River, Great Lakes, Ohio River). Tue, 20 Apr 2021 16:09:03 EDT //www.koonmotors.com/releases/2021/04/210420160903.htm