//www.koonmotors.com/news/mind_brain/intelligence/ Intelligence - nature or nurture? Researchers find a gene for intelligence and also that a bigger brain matters, yet other recent articles show how motivation affects learning. en-us Sun, 15 Oct 2023 12:19:07 EDT Sun, 15 Oct 2023 12:19:07 EDT 60 //www.koonmotors.com/images/scidaily-logo-rss.png//www.koonmotors.com/news/mind_brain/intelligence/ For more science news, visit ScienceDaily. //www.koonmotors.com/releases/2023/10/231012111646.htm Researchers found that fear conditioning led to learning-specific changes in neuronal-network activity in the dorsal part of the medial prefrontal cortex of mice. This study demonstrates the use of combined methods for detailed visualization of the dynamics of neural networks, and describes techniques that could be used to uncover additional information about the neurological changes associated with learning and memory. Thu, 12 Oct 2023 11:16:46 EDT //www.koonmotors.com/releases/2023/10/231012111646.htm //www.koonmotors.com/releases/2023/10/231011182302.htm New guidance has been issued for clinicians on the determination of brain death, also known as death by neurologic criteria. Wed, 11 Oct 2023 18:23:02 EDT //www.koonmotors.com/releases/2023/10/231011182302.htm //www.koonmotors.com/releases/2023/10/231011182259.htm Among people who report memory and thinking problems, some show no signs of a problem on standard tests, while others have subtle declines on their tests. A new study shows that people who have subtle problems with these tests may have an increased risk of developing mild cognitive impairment, which can be a precursor to dementia. Wed, 11 Oct 2023 18:22:59 EDT //www.koonmotors.com/releases/2023/10/231011182259.htm //www.koonmotors.com/releases/2023/10/231011182126.htm People with early Alzheimer’s disease have difficulty turning when walking, according to a new study using virtual reality. Wed, 11 Oct 2023 18:21:26 EDT //www.koonmotors.com/releases/2023/10/231011182126.htm //www.koonmotors.com/releases/2023/10/231009191615.htm Scientists have developed new tools, based on AI language models, that can characterize subtle signatures in the speech of patients diagnosed with schizophrenia. Mon, 09 Oct 2023 19:16:15 EDT //www.koonmotors.com/releases/2023/10/231009191615.htm //www.koonmotors.com/releases/2023/10/231005110741.htm One treatment each of two psychedelic drugs lowered depression and anxiety and improved cognitive functioning in a sample of U.S. special operations forces veterans who sought care at a clinic in Mexico, according to a new analysis. The treatment included a combination of ibogaine hydrochloride, derived from the West African shrub iboga, and a psychedelic substance secreted by the Colorado River toad. Thu, 05 Oct 2023 11:07:41 EDT //www.koonmotors.com/releases/2023/10/231005110741.htm //www.koonmotors.com/releases/2023/10/231003104737.htm Researchers have learned the efficiency by which people recognize spoken words depends as much on the mind as on hearing ability. In a new study, the researchers examined how well adults across the life span process spoken language. Tue, 03 Oct 2023 10:47:37 EDT //www.koonmotors.com/releases/2023/10/231003104737.htm //www.koonmotors.com/releases/2023/10/231002211341.htm Novel brain biometrics could help inform whether an athlete is ready to return to play following a concussion, according to new research. Mon, 02 Oct 2023 21:13:41 EDT //www.koonmotors.com/releases/2023/10/231002211341.htm //www.koonmotors.com/releases/2023/10/231002124415.htm Researchers have published a study that addresses possible associations between chronic stress, mild cognitive impairment and Alzheimer’s disease. The study shows how people aged between 18 and 65 with a previous diagnosis of chronic stress and depression were more likely than other people to be diagnosed with mild cognitive impairment or Alzheimer’s disease. Mon, 02 Oct 2023 12:44:15 EDT //www.koonmotors.com/releases/2023/10/231002124415.htm //www.koonmotors.com/releases/2023/10/231002124239.htm A new study reveals the crucial role of vascular system cells -- known as pericytes -- in the formation of long-term memories of life events -- memories that are lost in diseases such as Alzheimer's disease. Mon, 02 Oct 2023 12:42:39 EDT //www.koonmotors.com/releases/2023/10/231002124239.htm //www.koonmotors.com/releases/2023/09/230929170938.htm A new study has provided the first clear picture of where language processes are located in the brain. The findings may be useful in clinical trials involving language recovery after brain injury. Fri, 29 Sep 2023 17:09:38 EDT //www.koonmotors.com/releases/2023/09/230929170938.htm //www.koonmotors.com/releases/2023/09/230928152643.htm People with a higher cumulative estrogen exposure throughout their life may have a lower risk of cerebral small vessel disease, according to a new study. Thu, 28 Sep 2023 15:26:43 EDT //www.koonmotors.com/releases/2023/09/230928152643.htm //www.koonmotors.com/releases/2023/09/230928151511.htm 使用超过200万细胞来自超过400个职位mortem brain samples, researchers performed the largest-scale analysis of the genomic, epigenomic, and transcriptomic changes that occur in every cell type in the brains of Alzheimer's patients. Thu, 28 Sep 2023 15:15:11 EDT //www.koonmotors.com/releases/2023/09/230928151511.htm //www.koonmotors.com/releases/2023/09/230927155555.htm A new study shows that babies learn to imitate others because they themselves are imitated by caregivers. Wed, 27 Sep 2023 15:55:55 EDT //www.koonmotors.com/releases/2023/09/230927155555.htm //www.koonmotors.com/releases/2023/09/230925124817.htm People differ significantly in their memory performance. Researchers have now discovered that certain brain signals are related to these differences. Mon, 25 Sep 2023 12:48:17 EDT //www.koonmotors.com/releases/2023/09/230925124817.htm //www.koonmotors.com/releases/2023/09/230922110815.htm Trigonelline is derived from coffee; researchers have found that it improves spatial learning and memory in senescence-accelerated mice. The study also suggested that this effect results from inhibiting neuroinflammation and restoring neurotransmitter levels in the brain. Fri, 22 Sep 2023 11:08:15 EDT //www.koonmotors.com/releases/2023/09/230922110815.htm //www.koonmotors.com/releases/2023/09/230921154511.htm After a traumatic experience, most people recover without incident, but some people -- between 2% and 10% -- develop posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD), a mental health condition that can cause debilitating symptoms of anxiety due to emotional dysregulation. PTSD symptoms are present in up to 40% of trauma survivors in the acute aftermath of trauma, but full-blown PTSD develops in only a small subset of cases. Early identification of those at risk is critical for both early treatment and possible prevention. Thu, 21 Sep 2023 15:45:11 EDT //www.koonmotors.com/releases/2023/09/230921154511.htm //www.koonmotors.com/releases/2023/09/230920110748.htm A study with 775 mother-child pairs in Rotterdam (The Netherlands) finds an association with maternal exposure to certain plasticizers (phthalates) and smaller volumetric measures in the brain of children as well as lower IQ at age 14 Wed, 20 Sep 2023 11:07:48 EDT //www.koonmotors.com/releases/2023/09/230920110748.htm //www.koonmotors.com/releases/2023/09/230919154827.htm A new study shows that human instruction is still necessary to detect and compensate for unintended, and sometimes negative, changes in neurosurgeon behavior after virtual reality AI training. This finding has implications for other fields of training. Tue, 19 Sep 2023 15:48:27 EDT //www.koonmotors.com/releases/2023/09/230919154827.htm //www.koonmotors.com/releases/2023/09/230918195926.htm Is it possible that a single biomarker can detect all types of diseases related to dopamine deficiency in the brain? Yes, that's what a research group is discovering. 'We have observed that an enzyme in cerebrospinal fluid and in blood is a useful marker for identifying all types of Parkinson's-related diseases with high accuracy,' says the study leader. Mon, 18 Sep 2023 19:59:26 EDT //www.koonmotors.com/releases/2023/09/230918195926.htm //www.koonmotors.com/releases/2023/09/230914174738.htm The better a songbird is at working its way around obstacles to retrieve a snack, the more complex its vocal learning ability will be. Thu, 14 Sep 2023 17:47:38 EDT //www.koonmotors.com/releases/2023/09/230914174738.htm //www.koonmotors.com/releases/2023/09/230912165659.htm Obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) is a neurological disorder characterized by repeated behaviors such as cleaning and checking despite clear objective evidence of cleanliness, orderliness, and correctness. Although the disease is often mischaracterized as a disorder of 'fussiness,' the disorder actually stems from difficulty in processing uncertainty. However, the neural underpinnings of that aberrant processing remains unknown. Now, a new study uses brain imaging to get a closer look at the underpinnings of uncertainty processing in OCD. Tue, 12 Sep 2023 16:56:59 EDT //www.koonmotors.com/releases/2023/09/230912165659.htm //www.koonmotors.com/releases/2023/09/230912110155.htm Neuroscientists have explored the impacts of an emerging technique called transcranial ultrasound stimulation (TUS), and showed targeted treatments using it can induce significant changes in GABA (gamma-aminobutyric acid) concentration within the brain's posterior cingulate cortex in the hour following ultrasound treatment. They believe the study could pave the way towards treatment of conditions such as depression, addiction, or anxiety. Tue, 12 Sep 2023 11:01:55 EDT //www.koonmotors.com/releases/2023/09/230912110155.htm //www.koonmotors.com/releases/2023/09/230906161815.htm A study of twins shows that having a concussion early in life is tied to having lower scores on tests of thinking and memory skills decades later as well as having more rapid decline in those scores than twins who did not have a concussion, or traumatic brain injury (TBI). Wed, 06 Sep 2023 16:18:15 EDT //www.koonmotors.com/releases/2023/09/230906161815.htm //www.koonmotors.com/releases/2023/09/230906143433.htm 足球运动员有时会选择较低的球衣er numbers thinking that they'll look slimmer and faster. There's a scientific basis for that belief, according to a new study. In two experiments, volunteers consistently said that images of players in jerseys numbered 10 to 19 looked thinner than players in jerseys numbered 80 to 89, even when the bodies were the same size. The finding suggests that people's previously learned associations between numbers and sizes influence their perceptions of body size. Wed, 06 Sep 2023 14:34:33 EDT //www.koonmotors.com/releases/2023/09/230906143433.htm //www.koonmotors.com/releases/2023/09/230906143429.htm Not only does a lack of sleep make you feel awful, research has shown it impairs the brain. What's more, sleep loss over long periods can even increase risk for Alzheimer's and other neurological diseases. Researchers want to understand how sleep deprivation causes this harm. In a new study, a team working with mice has identified a protective protein whose level declines with sleep deprivation, leading to neuronal death. Wed, 06 Sep 2023 14:34:29 EDT //www.koonmotors.com/releases/2023/09/230906143429.htm //www.koonmotors.com/releases/2023/09/230905124926.htm The school year has hardly begun and the first exams are already approaching. According to findings by researchers from the University of Basel, school children cope better with the stress if they get plenty of daily exercise. Tue, 05 Sep 2023 12:49:26 EDT //www.koonmotors.com/releases/2023/09/230905124926.htm //www.koonmotors.com/releases/2023/09/230905124915.htm Scientists have shed new light on the role of GABA, a key signaling molecule in the brain. Researchers have delved into how GABA's levels in the brain are regulated and its broader impacts on cognitive function. Tue, 05 Sep 2023 12:49:15 EDT //www.koonmotors.com/releases/2023/09/230905124915.htm //www.koonmotors.com/releases/2023/08/230831142823.htm New research has shown how a complex component of milk that can be added to infant formula has been shown to confer long-term cognitive benefits, including measures of intelligence and executive function in children. Thu, 31 Aug 2023 14:28:23 EDT //www.koonmotors.com/releases/2023/08/230831142823.htm //www.koonmotors.com/releases/2023/08/230831142748.htm Exciting a brain region using electrical noise stimulation can help improve mathematical learning in those who struggle with the subject, according to a new study. Thu, 31 Aug 2023 14:27:48 EDT //www.koonmotors.com/releases/2023/08/230831142748.htm //www.koonmotors.com/releases/2023/08/230830133603.htm A new study further illustrates that when it comes to risk of Alzheimer's disease, even genetically determined forms of the disease, genetics is only one piece of the puzzle. Researchers investigated the influence of genetics and educational attainment on cognitive decline by studying data from 675 people who carry a mutation that predisposes them to early onset Alzheimer's disease. Carriers of this mutation -- known as PSEN1 E280A -- have a median age of 49 for onset of dementia. The team found that among carriers who also carried a second mutation that puts them at heightened risk -- APOE e4 -- had an accelerated age of onset of cognitive decline. Among carriers who had an APOE e2 mutation -- known to be protective -- age of onset was delayed. The team also assessed the effect of educational attainment on cognitive function among PSEN1 E280A mutation carriers, including those who carried different APOE genotypes. They found that higher educational attainment -- that is, more years of education -- was associated with preserved cognitive ability particularly for those at highest genetic risk. Wed, 30 Aug 2023 13:36:03 EDT //www.koonmotors.com/releases/2023/08/230830133603.htm //www.koonmotors.com/releases/2023/08/230830131703.htm A new study suggests that cognitive loss in patients with brain metastases may be due to the interference that cancer produces in neuronal circuits. When cancer spreads in the brain, it changes the brain's chemistry, interfering with the communication between neurons. This is a very different hypothesis from the one previously accepted, with implications for the diagnosis and treatment of brain metastases. The authors have used artificial intelligence to show that metastasis alters brain activity. Wed, 30 Aug 2023 13:17:03 EDT //www.koonmotors.com/releases/2023/08/230830131703.htm //www.koonmotors.com/releases/2023/08/230828130347.htm Researchers have succeeded in transforming brain signals into audible speech. By decoding signals from the brain through a combination of implants and AI, they were able to predict the words people wanted to say with an accuracy of 92 to 100%. Mon, 28 Aug 2023 13:03:47 EDT //www.koonmotors.com/releases/2023/08/230828130347.htm //www.koonmotors.com/releases/2023/08/230823122623.htm Researchers make progress in developing a digital biomarker that detects early signs of Alzheimer's disease in brainwave patterns using a simple 'wearable' headband at night. Wed, 23 Aug 2023 12:26:23 EDT //www.koonmotors.com/releases/2023/08/230823122623.htm //www.koonmotors.com/releases/2023/08/230817164030.htm Researchers have found an injection of a specific blood factor can replicate the benefits of exercise in the brain. They've discovered that platelets secrete a protein, exerkine CXCL4/Platelet factor 4 or PF4, that rejuvenates neurons in aged mice in a similar way to physical exercise. This protein, which is released from platelets after exercise, results in regenerative and cognitive improvements when injected into aged mice. Thu, 17 Aug 2023 16:40:30 EDT //www.koonmotors.com/releases/2023/08/230817164030.htm //www.koonmotors.com/releases/2023/08/230817164006.htm According to a recent study, improved overall diet quality and reduced consumption of red meat, as well as increased time spent in reading and organized sports enhanced reasoning skills among children over the first two school years. Thu, 17 Aug 2023 16:40:06 EDT //www.koonmotors.com/releases/2023/08/230817164006.htm //www.koonmotors.com/releases/2023/08/230817163935.htm Neuroscientists report the first results from experimental tests designed to explore the idea that 'forgetting' might not be a bad thing, and that it may represent a form of learning -- and outline results that support their core idea. Seemingly lost memories can be retrieved and updated by environmental cues, which means this research has implications for a range of diseases such as Alzheimer's. Thu, 17 Aug 2023 16:39:35 EDT //www.koonmotors.com/releases/2023/08/230817163935.htm //www.koonmotors.com/releases/2023/08/230815151142.htm Researchers hypothesize that a powerful type of AI model known as a transformer could be implemented in the brain through networks of neuron and astrocyte cells. The work could offer insights into how the brain works and help scientists understand why transformers are so effective at machine-learning tasks. Tue, 15 Aug 2023 15:11:42 EDT //www.koonmotors.com/releases/2023/08/230815151142.htm //www.koonmotors.com/releases/2023/08/230814122410.htm Researchers have identified brain circuits that, when injured, make conscious patients with acute brain injury appear unresponsive, a phenomenon known as hidden consciousness. Mon, 14 Aug 2023 12:24:10 EDT //www.koonmotors.com/releases/2023/08/230814122410.htm //www.koonmotors.com/releases/2023/08/230814122345.htm Using a novel approach of precision neuroimaging and high-resolution functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI), neuroscientists and physicists have discovered previously unknown cortical networks and shed light on the anatomical organization of the human memory system. Mon, 14 Aug 2023 12:23:45 EDT //www.koonmotors.com/releases/2023/08/230814122345.htm //www.koonmotors.com/releases/2023/08/230811172143.htm A new digital headset designed to measure alterations in brain function could change decisions about how quickly an athlete is ready to return to play after a concussion. In an evaluation of the device, researchers found it revealed brain changes even in athletes whose concussion symptoms had gone away, suggesting they could be playing too soon. Fri, 11 Aug 2023 17:21:43 EDT //www.koonmotors.com/releases/2023/08/230811172143.htm //www.koonmotors.com/releases/2023/08/230810110327.htm A new study finds that the longer a person has type 2 diabetes, the more likely they may be to experience changes in brain structure. MRI results, researchers say, indicate the negative effects longstanding diabetes may have on brain health outcomes and emphasize the importance of preventing early onset type 2 diabetes. Thu, 10 Aug 2023 11:03:27 EDT //www.koonmotors.com/releases/2023/08/230810110327.htm //www.koonmotors.com/releases/2023/08/230810110325.htm Scientists have succeeded in reversing certain cognitive manifestations associated with Alzheimer's disease in an animal model of the disease. Thu, 10 Aug 2023 11:03:25 EDT //www.koonmotors.com/releases/2023/08/230810110325.htm //www.koonmotors.com/releases/2023/08/230810110118.htm Partial recovery after ischemic stroke is possible, but the mechanisms involved in this process remain unclear. Researchers identified a whole new pathway promoting brain repair. They discovered lipids secreted from neurons surrounding the area of cell death can trigger brain-autonomous neural repair after ischemic brain injury. These findings might contribute to developing new compounds to stimulate the brain's intrinsic repair mechanisms. Thu, 10 Aug 2023 11:01:18 EDT //www.koonmotors.com/releases/2023/08/230810110118.htm //www.koonmotors.com/releases/2023/08/230809164704.htm In a small, exploratory study, levels of certain types of microbes in babies' guts were shown to be associated with performance in tests of early cognitive development. Wed, 09 Aug 2023 16:47:04 EDT //www.koonmotors.com/releases/2023/08/230809164704.htm //www.koonmotors.com/releases/2023/08/230809130726.htm Researchers have developed a technique for simultaneously measuring electrical signals from 128 areas of the brain in awake rats. They have then used the information to measure what happens to the neurons when the rats are given psychedelic drugs. The results show an unexpected and simultaneous synchronization among neurons in several regions of the brain. Wed, 09 Aug 2023 13:07:26 EDT //www.koonmotors.com/releases/2023/08/230809130726.htm //www.koonmotors.com/releases/2023/08/230809130614.htm Researchers have long thought that rewards like food or money encourage learning in the brain by causing the release of the 'feel-good' hormone dopamine, known to reinforce storage of new information. Now, a new study in rodents describes how learning still occurs in the absence of an immediate incentive. Wed, 09 Aug 2023 13:06:14 EDT //www.koonmotors.com/releases/2023/08/230809130614.htm //www.koonmotors.com/releases/2023/08/230809125914.htm 阿尔茨海默病,最常见的neurod之一egenerative diseases, leads to progressive loss of memory and autonomy. It is characterized by the accumulation of neurotoxic proteins in the brain, namely amyloid plaques and tau tangles. Due to the silent development of pathology over decades, very early diagnosis is of utmost importance to be able to take action as early as possible in the disease process. Wed, 09 Aug 2023 12:59:14 EDT //www.koonmotors.com/releases/2023/08/230809125914.htm //www.koonmotors.com/releases/2023/08/230808151255.htm Developed over the past six years, MINDWATCH is an algorithm that analyzes a person's brain activity from data collected via any wearable device that can monitor electrodermal activity (EDA). This activity reflects changes in electrical conductance triggered by emotional stress, linked to sweat responses. Tue, 08 Aug 2023 15:12:55 EDT //www.koonmotors.com/releases/2023/08/230808151255.htm //www.koonmotors.com/releases/2023/08/230803213817.htm Research has identified a mechanism through which insulin-like growth factors facilitate brain plasticity. The insulin super-family of hormones, including insulin, insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF1), and insulin-like growth factor 2 (IGF2), play a crucial role not only in regulating blood sugar, metabolism, and growth, but also in healthy brain development and function, including learning and memory. These hormones can enter the brain through the bloodstream from the liver or can be synthesized directly in neurons and glial cells within the brain. They bind to receptors, including the IGF1-Receptor, activating signals that modulate neuron growth and activity. Disruption of this signaling pathway is involved in cognitive decline and diseases such as Alzheimer's. Thu, 03 Aug 2023 21:38:17 EDT //www.koonmotors.com/releases/2023/08/230803213817.htm //www.koonmotors.com/releases/2023/08/230803125601.htm By analyzing data from nearly 13,000 subjects who participated in a long-term aging study, researchers found that an interviewer's rating of a cognitively healthy person's memory successfully predicted the likelihood of developing dementia over a 15-year period. Thu, 03 Aug 2023 12:56:01 EDT //www.koonmotors.com/releases/2023/08/230803125601.htm //www.koonmotors.com/releases/2023/08/230801131700.htm When a fragrance wafted through the bedrooms of older adults for two hours every night for six months, memories skyrocketed. Participants in this study reaped a 226% increase in cognitive capacity compared to the control group. The researchers say the finding transforms the long-known tie between smell and memory into an easy, non-invasive technique for strengthening memory and potentially deterring dementia. Tue, 01 Aug 2023 13:17:00 EDT //www.koonmotors.com/releases/2023/08/230801131700.htm //www.koonmotors.com/releases/2023/07/230731170151.htm Simply remembering events can trigger brain rhythms, even more so than when people are experiencing the actual event, says a new study. The findings could lay foundations for cognitive impairment therapy and help improve memory. Mon, 31 Jul 2023 17:01:51 EDT //www.koonmotors.com/releases/2023/07/230731170151.htm //www.koonmotors.com/releases/2023/07/230731110750.htm The artificial intelligence language model GPT-3 performed as well as college students in solving certain logic problems like those that appear on standardized tests. The researchers who conducted the experiment write that the results prompt the question of whether the technology is mimicking human reasoning or using a new type of cognitive process. Solving that question would require access to the software that underpins GPT-3 and other AI software. Mon, 31 Jul 2023 11:07:50 EDT //www.koonmotors.com/releases/2023/07/230731110750.htm //www.koonmotors.com/releases/2023/07/230728113321.htm Infants who nap a lot have smaller vocabularies and poorer cognitive skills -- according to new research. Fri, 28 Jul 2023 11:33:21 EDT //www.koonmotors.com/releases/2023/07/230728113321.htm //www.koonmotors.com/releases/2023/07/230727144236.htm A study suggests that adolescents who engage in active school transport and leisure-time physical activity perform better at secondary school than their inactive peers. Regular leisure-time physical activity, even in moderate doses, was also associated with lower odds of school burnout. Thu, 27 Jul 2023 14:42:36 EDT //www.koonmotors.com/releases/2023/07/230727144236.htm //www.koonmotors.com/releases/2023/07/230725171914.htm Scientists have discovered what they believe to be the central mechanism behind cognitive decline associated with normal aging. Tue, 25 Jul 2023 17:19:14 EDT //www.koonmotors.com/releases/2023/07/230725171914.htm //www.koonmotors.com/releases/2023/07/230724122745.htm A new study hascrevealed that the progression of Alzheimer's disease (AD) can be slowed by suppressing a specific protein in the brain that causes corrosion. Mon, 24 Jul 2023 12:27:45 EDT //www.koonmotors.com/releases/2023/07/230724122745.htm //www.koonmotors.com/releases/2023/07/230724122708.htm Researchers delve into the bilingual experience and its impact on children's context-sensitive perception of trust, offering insights into how language diversity can enrich and benefit children's social-cognitive development. Mon, 24 Jul 2023 12:27:08 EDT //www.koonmotors.com/releases/2023/07/230724122708.htm //www.koonmotors.com/releases/2023/07/230722004622.htm The secret to protecting your memory may be a staple of a bodybuilder's diet. Researchers recently discovered that a muscle-building supplement called beta-hydroxy beta-methylbutyrate, also called HMB, may help protect memory, reduce plaques and ultimately help prevent the progression of Alzheimer's disease. Sat, 22 Jul 2023 00:46:22 EDT //www.koonmotors.com/releases/2023/07/230722004622.htm