//www.koonmotors.com/news/health_medicine/human_biology/ Read the latest research on human biology. Learn about comparative biology and human genetics. en-us Wed, 06 Sep 2023 14:47:41 EDT Wed, 06 Sep 2023 14:47:41 EDT 60 //www.koonmotors.com/images/scidaily-logo-rss.png//www.koonmotors.com/news/health_medicine/human_biology/ For more science news, visit ScienceDaily. //www.koonmotors.com/releases/2023/09/230906143429.htm Not only does a lack of sleep make you feel awful, research has shown it impairs the brain. What's more, sleep loss over long periods can even increase risk for Alzheimer's and other neurological diseases. Researchers want to understand how sleep deprivation causes this harm. In a new study, a team working with mice has identified a protective protein whose level declines with sleep deprivation, leading to neuronal death. Wed, 06 Sep 2023 14:34:29 EDT //www.koonmotors.com/releases/2023/09/230906143429.htm //www.koonmotors.com/releases/2023/09/230906112428.htm Scientists identified new set of molecules that drive the growth of human pancreatic cancer cell lines, explaining how genetic mutations can activate genetic 'super-enhancers' that promote out-of-control pancreatic cancer growth. They show the efficacy of an experimental drug that targets a super-enhancer related protein, demonstrating the promise of therapeutics that block the effects of super-enhancers. Wed, 06 Sep 2023 11:24:28 EDT //www.koonmotors.com/releases/2023/09/230906112428.htm //www.koonmotors.com/releases/2023/09/230906112412.htm Neuroscientists created the first non-human primate model of hereditary Alzheimer's in marmosets to accelerate the pace of drug discovery and rebuild the foundation for future translational studies. Wed, 06 Sep 2023 11:24:12 EDT //www.koonmotors.com/releases/2023/09/230906112412.htm //www.koonmotors.com/releases/2023/09/230904104617.htm A new cancer therapy attacks tumors by tricking cancer cells into absorbing a snippet of RNA that naturally blocks cell division. Mon, 04 Sep 2023 10:46:17 EDT //www.koonmotors.com/releases/2023/09/230904104617.htm //www.koonmotors.com/releases/2023/08/230831164436.htm Biochemical researchers have identified a new function of a key protein that leads to cancer -- a finding they believe could lead to more effective treatments for a range of cancers and other diseases. Thu, 31 Aug 2023 16:44:36 EDT //www.koonmotors.com/releases/2023/08/230831164436.htm //www.koonmotors.com/releases/2023/08/230831164228.htm Researchers have discovered some new and surprising ways that viral RNA and influenza virus are detected by human lung cells, which has potential implications for treating people affected by such viruses. Thu, 31 Aug 2023 16:42:28 EDT //www.koonmotors.com/releases/2023/08/230831164228.htm //www.koonmotors.com/releases/2023/08/230831142832.htm The largest genetic study of its kind has discovered specific changes in our DNA that increase the risk of developing epilepsy and may inform the development of new treatments. Thu, 31 Aug 2023 14:28:32 EDT //www.koonmotors.com/releases/2023/08/230831142832.htm //www.koonmotors.com/releases/2023/08/230831121621.htm A lab is developing more accurate and powerful liquid biopsy technologies that take advantage of signals from RNA 'dark matter,' an understudied area of the genome. Thu, 31 Aug 2023 12:16:21 EDT //www.koonmotors.com/releases/2023/08/230831121621.htm //www.koonmotors.com/releases/2023/08/230830151801.htm A massive study of medical and genetic data shows that people with a particular version of a gene involved in immune response had a lower risk of Alzheimer's and Parkinson's disease. Wed, 30 Aug 2023 15:18:01 EDT //www.koonmotors.com/releases/2023/08/230830151801.htm //www.koonmotors.com/releases/2023/08/230830151742.htm Researchers have developed a blood test that detects Parkinson's disease, potentially establishing a way to help diagnose the condition before nervous system damage worsens. A new blood-based diagnostic test would be a major advancement for Parkinson's disease, which afflicts 10 million people worldwide and is the second-most common neurodegenerative disease after Alzheimer's. Wed, 30 Aug 2023 15:17:42 EDT //www.koonmotors.com/releases/2023/08/230830151742.htm //www.koonmotors.com/releases/2023/08/230830131653.htm Researchers have identified stem cells in the human thymus for the first time. These cells represent a potential new target to understand immune diseases and cancer and how to boost the immune system. Wed, 30 Aug 2023 13:16:53 EDT //www.koonmotors.com/releases/2023/08/230830131653.htm //www.koonmotors.com/releases/2023/08/230830130846.htm Researchers applied a new technology to generate the full inventory of mutations in the bacterial species Escherichia coli where the antibiotic rifampicin attaches to and disables an essential bacterial enzyme known as RNA polymerase (RNAP). Wed, 30 Aug 2023 13:08:46 EDT //www.koonmotors.com/releases/2023/08/230830130846.htm //www.koonmotors.com/releases/2023/08/230828162352.htm Researchers have looked beyond biochemistry to publish groundbreaking work on the physics of fat droplets found inside many types of cells, revealing them to be a potential threat to a cell's nucleus.They have discovered fat-filled lipid droplets' surprising capability to indent and puncture the nucleus, the organelle which contains and regulates a cell's DNA. The stakes of their findings are high: a ruptured nucleus can lead to elevated DNA damage that is characteristic of many diseases, including cancer. Mon, 28 Aug 2023 16:23:52 EDT //www.koonmotors.com/releases/2023/08/230828162352.htm //www.koonmotors.com/releases/2023/08/230828162349.htm Findings can open up new avenues for targeted approaches toward therapeutic strategies against the malaria-causing P. falciparum that are aimed at stopping the parasite's life cycle progression and its sexual differentiation, thus blocking the transmission of the parasite into mosquitoes. Mon, 28 Aug 2023 16:23:49 EDT //www.koonmotors.com/releases/2023/08/230828162349.htm //www.koonmotors.com/releases/2023/08/230825140357.htm The NSL (non-specific lethal) complex regulates thousands of genes in fruit flies and mammals. Silencing the NSL genes leads to the death of the organism, which gave the complex its curious name. Researchers have now discovered that the genes regulated by the NSL complex also include genes of the intraciliary transport system. This enables different cell types to form cilia on their surface, which are important for cell communication. The study shows that these genes are 'switched on' by the NSL complex, regardless of whether a particular cell has cilia or not. The researchers found that this class of cilia-associated genes is crucial for the function of podocytes. This is a highly specialized cell type of the kidney that, paradoxically, does not have cilia. These findings have important implications for ciliopathies and kidney disease. Fri, 25 Aug 2023 14:03:57 EDT //www.koonmotors.com/releases/2023/08/230825140357.htm //www.koonmotors.com/releases/2023/08/230825140329.htm A new study has examined how T cells of the immune system are affected by weightlessness. The results could explain why astronauts' T cells become less active and less effective at fighting infection. Fri, 25 Aug 2023 14:03:29 EDT //www.koonmotors.com/releases/2023/08/230825140329.htm //www.koonmotors.com/releases/2023/08/230825122024.htm Researchers see potential in educational settings for the newest official ChatGPT plugin, called Code Interpreter, they've found limitations for its use by scientists who work with biological data utilizing computational methods to prioritize targeted treatment for cancer and genetic disorders. Fri, 25 Aug 2023 12:20:24 EDT //www.koonmotors.com/releases/2023/08/230825122024.htm //www.koonmotors.com/releases/2023/08/230824111922.htm 杜氏肌肉营养不良症(DMD)是一种肌肉德格neration disorder caused by mutations affecting the dystrophin gene. Researchers show how a dual CRISPR RNA method restored dystrophin protein function in induced pluripotent stem cells derived from DMD patients. The approach worked by removing large sections of the dystrophin gene, allowing the cells to skip faulty or misaligned sections of the genetic code. This yields truncated but still functional proteins for a wide variety of mutation patterns associated with DMD. Thu, 24 Aug 2023 11:19:22 EDT //www.koonmotors.com/releases/2023/08/230824111922.htm //www.koonmotors.com/releases/2023/08/230824111914.htm Researchers have uncovered a connection between the topography of the human genome and the presence of mutations in human cancer. Just as different terrains on Earth foster distinct ecosystems, certain regions in the genome seem to provide an environment for specific mutations to thrive. Thu, 24 Aug 2023 11:19:14 EDT //www.koonmotors.com/releases/2023/08/230824111914.htm //www.koonmotors.com/releases/2023/08/230824111835.htm Parents with children in adolescence know this all too well: one minute 'the little ones' are just up to your shoulder, and all of a sudden, they're growing over your head. Until now, it was assumed that such pubertal growth spurt in body length only occurs in humans, but not in other primates. Researchers have now investigated this widespread hypothesis in bonobos (Pan paniscus). The result: Pronounced, human-like growth in the adolescent years also exists in bonobos and presumably also in other monkeys. Thus, humans are less exceptional in this trait than previously thought. Thu, 24 Aug 2023 11:18:35 EDT //www.koonmotors.com/releases/2023/08/230824111835.htm //www.koonmotors.com/releases/2023/08/230824111811.htm The virulence of a rice-wrecking fungus relies on genetic decoding quirks that could prove central to stopping it, says new research. The research team hopes that identifying an essential but formerly unknown stage in the fungal takeover of rice cells can accelerate the treatment or prevention of rice blast disease, which ruins up to 30% of global yields each year. Thu, 24 Aug 2023 11:18:11 EDT //www.koonmotors.com/releases/2023/08/230824111811.htm //www.koonmotors.com/releases/2023/08/230824003818.htm Biomedical engineers have developed sophisticated optical techniques to monitor at close range the process by which protein aggregates form during liquid-to-liquid transition. This can lead to solid condensates which can trigger a process that forms neural plaques, that can cause Alzheimer's and other diseases. Thu, 24 Aug 2023 00:38:18 EDT //www.koonmotors.com/releases/2023/08/230824003818.htm //www.koonmotors.com/releases/2023/08/230823165531.htm Highly challenging to sequence and long overlooked, the human Y chromosome's contributions to health and disease remain largely unknown. A new paper that presents, for the first time, the complete sequences of multiple human Y chromosomes from lineages from around the globe provides an essential step forward in understanding the roles of the Y chromosome in human evolution and biology. Wed, 23 Aug 2023 16:55:31 EDT //www.koonmotors.com/releases/2023/08/230823165531.htm //www.koonmotors.com/releases/2023/08/230823165402.htm In a groundbreaking endeavor, researchers have successfully transferred a longevity gene from naked mole rats to mice, resulting in improved health and an extension of the mouse's lifespan. The research opens exciting possibilities for unlocking the secrets of aging and extending human lifespan. Wed, 23 Aug 2023 16:54:02 EDT //www.koonmotors.com/releases/2023/08/230823165402.htm //www.koonmotors.com/releases/2023/08/230823122619.htm Immunotherapies for cancer aim to induce the immune system to combat cancer cells more effectively. A research team has now described a new, modular strategy for T-cell-based immunotherapy that manages to work without complex genetic modifications. Modulation of cell-cell communications through an ingenious regulatory circuit using various small, specially folded DNA molecules (aptamers) causes cancer cells to directly activate their mortal enemies, T cells. Wed, 23 Aug 2023 12:26:19 EDT //www.koonmotors.com/releases/2023/08/230823122619.htm //www.koonmotors.com/releases/2023/08/230823122606.htm Researchers compared a pair of superficially similar motor neurons in fruit flies to examine how their differing use of the same genome produced distinctions in form and function. Wed, 23 Aug 2023 12:26:06 EDT //www.koonmotors.com/releases/2023/08/230823122606.htm //www.koonmotors.com/releases/2023/08/230823122524.htm 曾经人类基因工程的最后边界me -- the Y chromosome -- has just been mapped out in its entirety. Scientists used advanced sequencing technologies to read out the full DNA sequence of the Y chromosome -- a region of the genome that typically drives male reproductive development. The results demonstrate that this advance improves DNA sequencing accuracy for the chromosome, which could help identify certain genetic disorders and potentially uncover the genetic roots of others. Wed, 23 Aug 2023 12:25:24 EDT //www.koonmotors.com/releases/2023/08/230823122524.htm //www.koonmotors.com/releases/2023/08/230823122523.htm A study has discovered a new relationship between cancer cells and the immune system, and shows how cancer can selfishly hijack a normally helpful immune pathway. Wed, 23 Aug 2023 12:25:23 EDT //www.koonmotors.com/releases/2023/08/230823122523.htm //www.koonmotors.com/releases/2023/08/230822151743.htm Scientists have discovered a potential target for gastric cancers associated with Epstein-Barr Virus. Tue, 22 Aug 2023 15:17:43 EDT //www.koonmotors.com/releases/2023/08/230822151743.htm //www.koonmotors.com/releases/2023/08/230822151740.htm Researchers found some bacteria ship cellular cargo by 'surfing' along proteins called ParA/MinD ATPases. Tue, 22 Aug 2023 15:17:40 EDT //www.koonmotors.com/releases/2023/08/230822151740.htm //www.koonmotors.com/releases/2023/08/230821114401.htm Various medical circumstances, including heart attacks and extreme cases of COVID-19, necessitate the use of anticoagulants, medicines that prevent blood clots. But the most commonly used, heparin, can induce potentially fatal side effects by making the blood clots worse rather than better. This only happens in a minority of patients so effective treatments are not commonly explored. Researchers have now proposed a side effect-free anticoagulating treatment that has so far proved effective in test mice and could be ready for human trials in just a few years. Mon, 21 Aug 2023 11:44:01 EDT //www.koonmotors.com/releases/2023/08/230821114401.htm //www.koonmotors.com/releases/2023/08/230821114347.htm As a single organ, our skin is able to perform a broad repertoire of vital functions. Dermatology experts call for a reference guide to single-cell composition of normal human skin, which is still lacking. A grassroots movement to establish a Human Skin Cell Atlas is taking shape, as reported in a recent review. A global team of experts has outlined a roadmap as a first step towards creating a comprehensive and inclusive reference work on this important topic. Mon, 21 Aug 2023 11:43:47 EDT //www.koonmotors.com/releases/2023/08/230821114347.htm //www.koonmotors.com/releases/2023/08/230821114333.htm Genetic remnants of viruses that are naturally present in the human genome could affect the development of neurodegenerative diseases. Researchers come to this conclusion on the basis of studies on cell cultures. Mon, 21 Aug 2023 11:43:33 EDT //www.koonmotors.com/releases/2023/08/230821114333.htm //www.koonmotors.com/releases/2023/08/230818134137.htm According to new research, T cells have a nuclear receptor doing something very odd—but very important—to help them fight pathogens and destroy cancer cells. This receptor, called retinoic acid receptor alpha, is known to control gene expression programs in the nucleus, but it also now appears to operate outside the cell nucleus to coordinate the early events triggered at the cell surface that lead to T cell activation. Fri, 18 Aug 2023 13:41:37 EDT //www.koonmotors.com/releases/2023/08/230818134137.htm //www.koonmotors.com/releases/2023/08/230817164043.htm Scientists have identified how low levels of the TET2 gene fuel the rapid growth of acute myeloid leukemia in animal models. Thu, 17 Aug 2023 16:40:43 EDT //www.koonmotors.com/releases/2023/08/230817164043.htm //www.koonmotors.com/releases/2023/08/230817164016.htm A single injection of a novel CRISPR gene-editing treatment safely and efficiently removes SIV -- a virus related to the AIDS-causing agent HIV -- from the genomes of non-human primates, scientists now report. The groundbreaking work complements previous experiments as the basis for the first-ever clinical trial of an HIV gene-editing technology in human patients, which was authorized by the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) in 2022. Thu, 17 Aug 2023 16:40:16 EDT //www.koonmotors.com/releases/2023/08/230817164016.htm //www.koonmotors.com/releases/2023/08/230817163903.htm New research shows that intermittent fasting and calorie restriction change the microbiome composition in the gut, which could affect other functions in the body. Thu, 17 Aug 2023 16:39:03 EDT //www.koonmotors.com/releases/2023/08/230817163903.htm //www.koonmotors.com/releases/2023/08/230817163900.htm An international team of scientists has discovered an additional potential cause of the genetic mutations that result in rare neurodegenerative conditions such as Huntington's disease. Thu, 17 Aug 2023 16:39:00 EDT //www.koonmotors.com/releases/2023/08/230817163900.htm //www.koonmotors.com/releases/2023/08/230816160006.htm Researcher discovers possible link of mitochondrial function to the development of schizophrenia. Wed, 16 Aug 2023 16:00:06 EDT //www.koonmotors.com/releases/2023/08/230816160006.htm //www.koonmotors.com/releases/2023/08/230816160003.htm Scientists have uncovered how a newly discovered gene, NEK1, in which mutations have been linked to ALS cases, disrupts the function of the motor neuron and causes it to degenerate and die. Wed, 16 Aug 2023 16:00:03 EDT //www.koonmotors.com/releases/2023/08/230816160003.htm //www.koonmotors.com/releases/2023/08/230816114136.htm Teeth could be capable of preserving antibodies for hundreds of years, allowing scientists to investigate the history of infectious human diseases, a new study has found. Wed, 16 Aug 2023 11:41:36 EDT //www.koonmotors.com/releases/2023/08/230816114136.htm //www.koonmotors.com/releases/2023/08/230816114121.htm A new method allows large quantities of muscle stem cells to be safely obtained in cell culture. This provides a potential for treating patients with muscle diseases -- and for those who would like to eat meat, but don't want to kill animals. Wed, 16 Aug 2023 11:41:21 EDT //www.koonmotors.com/releases/2023/08/230816114121.htm //www.koonmotors.com/releases/2023/08/230815151117.htm In a development that could accelerate the discovery of new diagnostics and treatments, researchers have developed a versatile and low-cost technology for targeted sequencing of full-length RNA molecules. The technology, called TEQUILA-seq, is highly cost-effective compared to commercially available solutions for targeted RNA sequencing and can be adapted for different research and clinical purposes. Tue, 15 Aug 2023 15:11:17 EDT //www.koonmotors.com/releases/2023/08/230815151117.htm //www.koonmotors.com/releases/2023/08/230814174547.htm 先进的显微镜技术给科学家瓦尔uable clues for how to fight an enzyme that is leading to a rise in cases of antibiotic-resistant bacterial infections worldwide. Mon, 14 Aug 2023 17:45:47 EDT //www.koonmotors.com/releases/2023/08/230814174547.htm //www.koonmotors.com/releases/2023/08/230814174524.htm A deafened adult cannot recover the ability to hear, because the sensory hearing cells of the inner ear don't regenerate after damage. In two new studies scientists explain why this is the case and how we might be able to change it. Mon, 14 Aug 2023 17:45:24 EDT //www.koonmotors.com/releases/2023/08/230814174524.htm //www.koonmotors.com/releases/2023/08/230814174511.htm Scientists have completed a deep analysis of the proteins driving cancer across multiple tumor types, information that can't be assessed by genome sequencing alone. Understanding how proteins operate in cancer cells raises the prospect of new therapies. Mon, 14 Aug 2023 17:45:11 EDT //www.koonmotors.com/releases/2023/08/230814174511.htm //www.koonmotors.com/releases/2023/08/230814122355.htm Recent paleogenomic research revealed that interbreeding was common among early human species. However, little was known about when, where, and how often this hominin interbreeding took place. Using paleoanthropological evidence, genetic data, and supercomputer simulations of past climate, a team of international researchers has found that interglacial climates and corresponding shifts in vegetation created common habitats for Neanderthals and Denisovans, increasing their chances for interbreeding and gene flow in parts of Europe and central Asia. Mon, 14 Aug 2023 12:23:55 EDT //www.koonmotors.com/releases/2023/08/230814122355.htm //www.koonmotors.com/releases/2023/08/230814122258.htm Organoids have now been created from stem cells to secrete the proteins that form dental enamel, the substance that protects teeth from damage and decay. A multi-disciplinary team of scientists led this effort. This is a critical first step to the long-term goal to develop stem cell-based treatments to repair damaged teeth and regenerate those that are lost. Enamel is made during tooth formation by specialized cells called amelobasts. These cells die off after tooth formation is complete. Consequently, the body has no way to repair or regenerate damaged enamel. Mon, 14 Aug 2023 12:22:58 EDT //www.koonmotors.com/releases/2023/08/230814122258.htm //www.koonmotors.com/releases/2023/08/230814122244.htm A study uncovers a new mechanism to explain why some prostate tumors switch from a common, treatable form to a more rare and aggressive form of prostate cancer. Mon, 14 Aug 2023 12:22:44 EDT //www.koonmotors.com/releases/2023/08/230814122244.htm //www.koonmotors.com/releases/2023/08/230811115507.htm Researchers have developed a new form of gene therapy that can stop cell division in fusion-driven cancer. Fri, 11 Aug 2023 11:55:07 EDT //www.koonmotors.com/releases/2023/08/230811115507.htm //www.koonmotors.com/releases/2023/08/230811115439.htm The skin, hair and eye color of more than eight billion humans is determined by the light-absorbing pigment known as melanin. New research has identified 135 new genes associated with pigmentation. Fri, 11 Aug 2023 11:54:39 EDT //www.koonmotors.com/releases/2023/08/230811115439.htm //www.koonmotors.com/releases/2023/08/230810180123.htm Researchers have found that the genes of the mitochondria, the energy producers of our cells, can be negatively impacted by the virus, leading to dysfunction in multiple organs beyond the lungs. These findings suggest new approaches for treating COVID-19. Thu, 10 Aug 2023 18:01:23 EDT //www.koonmotors.com/releases/2023/08/230810180123.htm //www.koonmotors.com/releases/2023/08/230810141052.htm A new analysis shows that infectious bacteria exposed to the antibiotic albicidin rapidly develop up to a 1,000-fold increase in resistance via a gene amplification mechanism. Thu, 10 Aug 2023 14:10:52 EDT //www.koonmotors.com/releases/2023/08/230810141052.htm //www.koonmotors.com/releases/2023/08/230810141046.htm 一项新的研究发现,过去的大气的变化CO2 and corresponding shifts in climate and vegetation played a key role in determining when and where early human species interbred. Thu, 10 Aug 2023 14:10:46 EDT //www.koonmotors.com/releases/2023/08/230810141046.htm //www.koonmotors.com/releases/2023/08/230810141015.htm Scientists can finally hunt down a harmful kind of human T cell. Immune cells called ex-T regulatory cells (exTregs) tend to be rare in the body and, so far, impossible to detect in human samples. A new study gives scientists a reliable way to find human exTregs and provides a window into how exTregs contribute to inflammation and cardiovascular disease. Thu, 10 Aug 2023 14:10:15 EDT //www.koonmotors.com/releases/2023/08/230810141015.htm //www.koonmotors.com/releases/2023/08/230810140813.htm Creating new technologically advanced sensors, scientists have engineered bacteria that detect the presence of tumor DNA in live organisms. Their innovation could pave the way to new biosensors capable of identifying various infections, cancers and other diseases. Thu, 10 Aug 2023 14:08:13 EDT //www.koonmotors.com/releases/2023/08/230810140813.htm //www.koonmotors.com/releases/2023/08/230810110313.htm A study has identified a new pathway that human immune deficiency virus (HIV) uses to enter the nucleus of a healthy cell, where it can then replicate and go on to invade other cells. Thu, 10 Aug 2023 11:03:13 EDT //www.koonmotors.com/releases/2023/08/230810110313.htm //www.koonmotors.com/releases/2023/08/230809164732.htm A study shows new steps toward more patients getting gene therapy. Wed, 09 Aug 2023 16:47:32 EDT //www.koonmotors.com/releases/2023/08/230809164732.htm //www.koonmotors.com/releases/2023/08/230809164716.htm In Parkinson's disease, growing evidence targets neuroinflammation as essential for brain pathogenesis. But which group of immune cells that reside in the brain direct this inflammatory response? Scientists used a mouse model of Parkinson's disease to show that border-associated macrophages -- not microglia -- mediate the neuroinflammatory response in the brain. Wed, 09 Aug 2023 16:47:16 EDT //www.koonmotors.com/releases/2023/08/230809164716.htm //www.koonmotors.com/releases/2023/08/230809164710.htm What do superheroes Deadpool and Elastigirl have in common? Each was used in a college anatomy class to add relevance to course discussions -- Deadpool to illustrate tissue repair and Elastigirl, aka Mrs. Incredible, as an example of hyperflexibility. Instructors created a 'SuperAnatomy' course in an attempt to improve the experience of undergraduate students learning the notoriously difficult -- and for some, scary or gross -- subject matter of human anatomy. Wed, 09 Aug 2023 16:47:10 EDT //www.koonmotors.com/releases/2023/08/230809164710.htm