advertisement
Science News
from research organizations

Deep-sea osmolyte finds applications in molecular machines

Date:
April 7, 2022
Source:
Hokkaido University
Summary:
The molecule trimethylamine N-oxide (TMAO) can be used to reversibly modulate the rigidity of microtubules, a key component of molecular machines and molecular robots.
Share:
advertisement

FULL STORY

The molecule trimethylamineN-oxide (TMAO) can be used to reversibly modulate the rigidity of microtubules, a key component of molecular machines and molecular robots.

Kinesin and microtubules (MTs) are major components of cytoskeleton in cells of living organisms. Kinesin and microtubules together play crucial roles in a wide range of cellular functions, most significantly intracellular transport. Recent developments in bioengineering and biotechnology allows for using these natural molecules as components of molecular machines and molecular robots.In vitrogliding assay has been the best platform to evaluate the potential of these biomolecules for molecular machines.

一组科学家领导的助理教授基于“增大化现实”技术if Md. Rashedul Kabir of Hokkaido University has reported a simple and straightforward method to reversibly and dynamically control the rigidity of kinesin propelled MTs. Their findings have been published inACS Omega,a journal published by the American Chemical Society (ACS).

In anin vitrogliding assay, kinesin molecules are attached to a base material, and propel MTs as the molecular shuttles. The rigidity of the motile MTs is a crucial metric that determines the success of their applications as the component of molecular machines. One of the major hurdles in regulating the rigidity of MTs is that previous methods affected the rigidity of MTs permanently and were irreversible. The development of a method to control the rigidity of MTs in a reversible manner would allow for dynamic adjustment of MT property and functions, and would be a massive development in molecular machines, molecular robotics, and related fields.

Kabir and his colleagues employed trimethylamineN-oxide (TMAO), a molecule that acts as an osmolyte in many deep-sea organisms, to study its effects on MTs in anin vitrogliding assay. TMAO is known to stabilize proteins under stressful or denaturing conditions of heat, pressure, and chemicals. The team demonstrated that TMAO affects the rigidity of MTs without depending on the need for any modifications to MT structures.

At relatively low TMAO concentrations (0 mM to 200 mM), MTs remained straight and rigid and the motion of the MTs in the gliding assay was unaffected. As the TMAO concentration was increased further, the MTs showed bending or buckling, and their velocity decreased. The team quantified this effect of TMAO on the conformation of the MT, showing that the persistence length, a measure of rigidity, of MTs was 285 ± 47 ?m in the absence of TMAO and that decreased to 37 ± 4 ?m in the presence of 1500 mM TMAO.

The team further demonstrated that the process was completely reversible, with MTs regaining their original persistence length and velocity when the TMAO was eliminated. These results confirmed that TMAO can be used to reversibly modulate the mechanical property and dynamic functions of MTs.

Finally, the team has investigated the mechanism by which TMAO alteres the rigidity of MTs. Based on their investigations, Dr. Arif Md. Rashedul Kabir and his team members concluded that TMAO mediates disruption of the uniformity in force applied by the kinesins along MTs in the gliding assay; the non-uniform force generated by the kinesins appeared to be responsible for the change in rigidity or persistence length of the kinesin propelled MTs.

"This study has demonstrated a facile method for regulating the MT rigidity reversibly in anin vitrogliding assay without depending on any modifications to the MT structures," Kabir said. Future works will focus on elucidating the exact mechanism by which TMAO acts, as well as, on utilizing TMAO for controlling the properties and functions of MTs and kinesins, which in turn will be beneficial for the molecular machines and molecular robotics.

advertisement

Story Source:

Materialsprovided byHokkaido University.Note: Content may be edited for style and length.


Journal Reference:

  1. Arif Md. Rashedul Kabir, Tasrina Munmun, Tomohiko Hayashi, Satoshi Yasuda, Atsushi P. Kimura, Masahiro Kinoshita, Takeshi Murata, Kazuki Sada, Akira Kakugo.Controlling the Rigidity of Kinesin-Propelled Microtubules in an In Vitro Gliding Assay Using the Deep-Sea Osmolyte Trimethylamine N-Oxide.ACS Omega, 2022; 7 (4): 3796 DOI:10.1021/acsomega.1c06699

Cite This Page:

Hokkaido University. "Deep-sea osmolyte finds applications in molecular machines." ScienceDaily. ScienceDaily, 7 April 2022. /releases/2022/04/220407101033.htm>.
Hokkaido University. (2022, April 7). Deep-sea osmolyte finds applications in molecular machines.ScienceDaily. Retrieved August 21, 2023 from www.koonmotors.com/releases/2022/04/220407101033.htm
Hokkaido University. "Deep-sea osmolyte finds applications in molecular machines." ScienceDaily. www.koonmotors.com/releases/2022/04/220407101033.htm (accessed August 21, 2023).

Explore More
from ScienceDaily

RELATED STORIES