advertisement
Science News
from research organizations

Development study reveals origins of inflammatory bowel disease

Creating Cell Atlas of Human Development will transform understanding of health and disease

Date:
September 8, 2021
Source:
Wellcome Sanger Institute
Summary:
研究人员从人类细胞的阿特拉斯(HCA) consortium are advancing understanding of diseases that have their origin in early human development. In a new report, they mapped cells in the human gut from early development through to adulthood and uncovered potential drug targets for treating Crohn's and other inflammatory bowel diseases.
Share:
advertisement

FULL STORY

Many diseases have their origin in early human development, and today (8th September), two publications inNaturereveal how researchers from the Human Cell Atlas (HCA) consortium are advancing understanding of this. The global HCA initiative is mapping every cell type in the human body, to transform our knowledge of biology, infection and disease.

A new large-scale study mapped the cells in the human gut from early development through to adulthood, creating the most comprehensive Cell Atlas of the Gut to date. This revealed that Crohn's disease may be caused by activation of developmental pathways, and uncovered potential drug targets for treating Crohn's and other Inflammatory Bowel Diseases. The detailed maps will help explain how the gut forms and functions, and will transform research into intestinal diseases.

The second publication reveals the hugely ambitious plan to create an entire Human Developmental Cell Atlas (HDCA) of all cells that are important for healthy human development. The gut is just one example of the importance of this, and researchers from the Human Cell Atlas Developmental Biological Network and their collaborators worldwide, show how they will chart developing tissues comprehensively in space and time. Key to understanding what happens in early development and how this can affect health or lead to disease, the HDCA is likely to lead to transformations in healthcare.

肠道是一个复杂的组织由多个cell types, and changes enormously during early development. To understand how the gut develops and functions, researchers from the Wellcome Sanger Institute, Newcastle University, University of Cambridge and their collaborators within the Human Cell Atlas, studied more than a third of a million individual gut cells§from developing tissue and from child and adult donors.

Using cutting edge single-cell genomics and spatial analysis techniques, the team revealed which genes were active in each cell, and created a highly extensive Gut Cell Atlas§§, through time and across 12 regions of the intestines.

Rasa Elmentaite, first author on the study from the Wellcome Sanger Institute, said: "By studying multiple regions of the human gut throughout development, childhood and adulthood we've created a unique, detailed map of the healthy human gut. This Gut Cell Atlas reveals complex developmental events, including how the immune and nervous systems develop in the healthy gut, and identifies important differences along the intestines. The data is openly available to other researchers studying the gut, and will undoubtedly contribute to future discoveries."

The study also included gut biopsy tissue from children with Crohn's Disease. This, in combination with the data from healthy development, is giving new insights into rare and common diseases of the intestines.

advertisement

Dr Kylie James, a senior author on the paper, who carried out the work at the Wellcome Sanger Institute, and is now at the Garvan Institute of Medical Research, Australia said: "This Gut Cell Atlas is already shedding new light on the origins of Crohn's and other intestinal diseases. For example, we identified three key cells that attract immune cells to form lymphoid tissue during development, and showed that this same developmental pathway may cause Crohn's Disease. This knowledge is helping researchers identify potential new drug targets for gut diseases."

While the gut atlas is one example of how understanding development can shed light on disease, a mammoth effort is already underway to create an entire Human Developmental Cell Atlas (HDCA), to transform our understanding of health and disease. The detailed roadmap of how researchers from the HCA Developmental Biological Network plan to create these genomic reference maps of cells, tissues and organs during different stages of healthy human development is revealed in a perspective paper inNaturetoday.

Professor Muzlifah Haniffa, a coordinator of the Developmental Biological Network, from Newcastle University and the Wellcome Sanger Institute, and a senior author on both papers, said: "The Human Developmental Cell Atlas will provide a vital resource to understand many aspects of biology and disease, in order to improve human health. Our roadmap shows the progress we've achieved so far, including creating a gut development atlas, how we plan to overcome challenges to achieve a complete atlas of human development, and how this will be used to understand disease."

Coordinated across the globe by Professor Muzlifah Haniffa, Professor Sten Linnarsson and Professor Deanne Taylor, the HCA Developmental Biological Network will bring together many teams of researchers worldwide, sharing data and ethics resources. The cross-disciplinary community will analyse and combine data from different stages of development creating 3-dimensional organ and whole embryo maps of development across space and time.

Professor Deanne Taylor, a coordinator of the Developmental Biological Network, from the Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, USA, and a senior author on the paper, said: "Creating the Human Developmental Cell Atlas is an enormously complex task, using state-of-the-art technologies. The atlas will be a hugely important resource, not only for understanding healthy development, but also for understanding many types of diseases and disorders that first manifest in children."

Working towards understanding how tissues develop and grow, more than 600 researchers attended the first HCA Developmental and Pediatric Cell Atlas meeting, 25-27thAugust 2021. They connected virtually, forging new collaborations and exchanging knowledge, inspiration and ideas, and recordings of the talks are now available.

The Human Developmental Cell Atlas data will be openly available, and will have applications for finding drug targets, engineering human cells for research or screening, and ultimately even as therapeutics for regenerative medicine.

萨拉博士们,人类细胞Atl的联合主席as Organising Committee and Head of Cellular Genetics at the Wellcome Sanger Institute, and an author on both papers, said: "A detailed understanding of development will help explain many aspects of human health and disease, from miscarriages and children's developmental disorders, through to cancer and ageing. Human Cell Atlas research is already giving major insights into Crohn's and other diseases, and shows how the Human Developmental Cell Atlas will transform our understanding of human development with profound implications for diagnosis, disease-understanding and regenerative medicine."

Story Source:

Materialsprovided byWellcome Sanger Institute.注意:内容可能被编辑风格d length.


Journal References:

  1. Rasa Elmentaite, Natsuhiko Kumasaka, Kenny Roberts, Aaron Fleming, Emma Dann, Hamish W. King, Vitalii Kleshchevnikov, Monika Dabrowska, Sophie Pritchard, Liam Bolt, Sara F. Vieira, Lira Mamanova, Ni Huang, Francesca Perrone, Issac Goh Kai’En, Steven N. Lisgo, Matilda Katan, Steven Leonard, Thomas R. W. Oliver, C. Elizabeth Hook, Komal Nayak, Lia S. Campos, Cecilia Domínguez Conde, Emily Stephenson, Justin Engelbert, Rachel A. Botting, Krzysztof Polanski, Stijn van Dongen, Minal Patel, Michael D. Morgan, John C. Marioni, Omer Ali Bayraktar, Kerstin B. Meyer, Xiaoling He, Roger A. Barker, Holm H. Uhlig, Krishnaa T. Mahbubani, Kourosh Saeb-Parsy, Matthias Zilbauer, Menna R. Clatworthy, Muzlifah Haniffa, Kylie R. James, Sarah A. Teichmann.Cells of the human intestinal tract mapped across space and time.Nature, 2021; 597 (7875): 250 DOI:10.1038/s41586-021-03852-1
  2. Muzlifah Haniffa, Deanne Taylor, Sten Linnarsson, Bruce J. Aronow, Gary D. Bader, Roger A. Barker, Pablo G. Camara, J. Gray Camp, Alain Chédotal, Andrew Copp, Heather C. Etchevers, Paolo Giacobini, Berthold Göttgens, Guoji Guo, Ania Hupalowska, Kylie R. James, Emily Kirby, Arnold Kriegstein, Joakim Lundeberg, John C. Marioni, Kerstin B. Meyer, Kathy K. Niakan, Mats Nilsson, Bayanne Olabi, Dana Pe’er, Aviv Regev, Jennifer Rood, Orit Rozenblatt-Rosen, Rahul Satija, Sarah A. Teichmann, Barbara Treutlein, Roser Vento-Tormo, Simone Webb, Pascal Barbry, Omer Bayraktar, Sam Behjati, Andreas Bosio, Bruno Canque, Frédéric Chalmel, Yorick Gitton, Deborah Henderson, Anne Jorgensen, Steven Lisgo, Jinyue Liu, Emma Lundberg, Jean-Léon Maitre, Séverine Mazaud-Guittot, Elizabeth Robertson, Antoine Rolland, Raphael Scharfmann, Michèle Souyri, Erik Sundström, Stéphane Zaffran, Matthias Zilbauer.A roadmap for the Human Developmental Cell Atlas.Nature, 2021; 597 (7875): 196 DOI:10.1038/s41586-021-03620-1

Cite This Page:

Wellcome Sanger Institute. "Development study reveals origins of inflammatory bowel disease: Creating Cell Atlas of Human Development will transform understanding of health and disease." ScienceDaily. ScienceDaily, 8 September 2021. /releases/2021/09/210908180559.htm>.
Wellcome Sanger Institute. (2021, September 8). Development study reveals origins of inflammatory bowel disease: Creating Cell Atlas of Human Development will transform understanding of health and disease.ScienceDaily. Retrieved August 21, 2023 from www.koonmotors.com/releases/2021/09/210908180559.htm
Wellcome Sanger Institute. "Development study reveals origins of inflammatory bowel disease: Creating Cell Atlas of Human Development will transform understanding of health and disease." ScienceDaily. www.koonmotors.com/releases/2021/09/210908180559.htm (accessed August 21, 2023).

Explore More
from ScienceDaily

RELATED STORIES