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如何认知智力是一个品牌爱博网投官方网站ain phenomenon

Intelligence not only involves grey matter, but also white matter -- the brain's wiring system

Date:
March 26, 2020
Source:
National University of Ireland Galway
Summary:
An international collaborative study provides findings on the neural basis of intelligence, otherwise known as general cognitive ability (IQ).
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An international collaborative study led by researchers from the NUI Galway provides findings on the neural basis of intelligence, otherwise known as general cognitive ability (IQ).

This new research uses an imaging technique called diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) to provide an insight into how small variations in this wiring system is associated with differences in IQ in both the general population and how disorders such as schizophrenia manifest.

Over 40 scientists from around the world were involved in analysing brain MRI scans and measures of cognitive function of 1,717 participants, with both healthy functions and patients with schizophrenia. This resulted in a new method to harmonise data collection and analysis as part of the Enhancing Neuroimaging Genetics through Meta-Analysis project (ENIGMA), Schizophrenia Working Group. The study, published in TheAmerican Journal of Psychiatry, was led by Dr Laurena Holleran, Lecturer in Clinical Neuroscience and Professor Gary Donohoe, Established Professor at NUI Galway's School of Psychology and Centre for Neuroimaging Cognition and Genomics.

Commenting on the findings, lead author Dr Laurena Holleran, stated that: "To date, this is the largest meta-analysis study of brain structure and cognitive function in schizophrenia. Understanding the neural basis of cognitive function is essential so that effective therapies that address difficulties associated with disorders like schizophrenia, which aren't targeted by current treatments. This is important because cognitive deficits associated with the disorder strongly predict social and functional outcomes, such as employment or social relationships.

"Previous literature suggested that general intelligence relies on specific grey matter areas of the brain, including temporal, parietal and frontal regions. However, the results from this study indicate that efficient connection pathways across the entire brain provide a neural network that supports general cognitive function."

According to the study's senior author Professor Gary Donohoe: "These results advance our knowledge in a number of ways. Firstly, we have demonstrated that the relationship between brain structure and intelligence not only involves grey matter, but also white matter -- the brain's wiring system. Secondly, it's not just one part of this wiring system that is important for intelligence, but rather the wiring system as a whole. And finally, the relationship between intelligence and the brain's wiring system is basically the same in patients with schizophrenia and healthy people, in that the lack of pattern explains their cognitive abilities. This suggests that cognitive function in patients is the same as the general population, at least as far as white matter is concerned."

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Materialsprovided byNational University of Ireland Galway.Note: Content may be edited for style and length.


Journal Reference:

  1. Laurena Holleran, Sinead Kelly, Clara Alloza, Ingrid Agartz, Ole A. Andreassen, Celso Arango, Nerisa Banaj, Vince Calhoun, Dara Cannon, Vaughan Carr, Aiden Corvin, David C. Glahn, Ruben Gur, Elliot Hong, Cyril Hoschl, Fleur M. Howells, Anthony James, Joost Janssen, Peter Kochunov, Stephen M. Lawrie, Jingyu Liu, Covadonga Martinez, Colm McDonald, Derek Morris, David Mothersill, Christos Pantelis, Fabrizio Piras, Steven Potkin, Paul E. Rasser, David Roalf, Laura Rowland, Theodore Satterthwaite, Ulrich Schall, Gianfranco Spalletta, Filip Spaniel, Dan J. Stein, Anne Uhlmann, Aristotle Voineskos, Andrew Zalesky, Theo G.M. van Erp, Jessica A. Turner, Ian J. Deary, Paul M. Thompson, Neda Jahanshad, Gary Donohoe.The Relationship Between White Matter Microstructure and General Cognitive Ability in Patients With Schizophrenia and Healthy Participants in the ENIGMA Consortium.American Journal of Psychiatry, 2020; appi.ajp.2019.1 DOI:10.1176/appi.ajp.2019.19030225

Cite This Page:

National University of Ireland Galway. "How cognitive intelligence is a whole brain phenomenon: Intelligence not only involves grey matter, but also white matter -- the brain's wiring system." ScienceDaily. ScienceDaily, 26 March 2020. .
National University of Ireland Galway. (2020, March 26). How cognitive intelligence is a whole brain phenomenon: Intelligence not only involves grey matter, but also white matter -- the brain's wiring system.ScienceDaily. Retrieved August 6, 2023 from www.koonmotors.com/releases/2020/03/200326124145.htm
National University of Ireland Galway. "How cognitive intelligence is a whole brain phenomenon: Intelligence not only involves grey matter, but also white matter -- the brain's wiring system." ScienceDaily. www.koonmotors.com/releases/2020/03/200326124145.htm (accessed August 6, 2023).

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