advertisement
Science News
from research organizations

Sand tiger sharks return to shipwrecks off N.C. coast

Coast's hundreds of shipwrecks are important habitats for vulnerable shark species

Date:
April 22, 2019
Source:
Duke University
Summary:
A study reveals shipwrecks off North Carolina's coast are important habitats for sand tiger sharks, whose population plummeted in the 1980 and 1990s. Photos taken months and even years apart by scuba divers show female sand tiger sharks returning to the same shipwrecks. The photos were uploaded to the citizen-science program Spot A Shark USA which used specialized software to ID the sharks.
Share:
advertisement

FULL STORY

Photos taken months, and in some cases years, apart by scuba divers show female sand tiger sharks returning to the same shipwrecks off the North Carolina coast, a new study co-led by scientists at Duke University reveals.

这显示“网站忠诚”的鲨鱼搁浅船受浪摇摆ests the shipwrecks are important habitats for the fierce-looking but docile species, which experienced dramatic population drops toward the end of the last century and is listed as globally vulnerable by the International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN).

"Their population is estimated to have dropped by as much as or more than 75 percent in the 1980s and 1990s and we don't know if it has stabilized or is still declining, in large part because we've mostly had to rely on anecdotal sightings," said Avery B. Paxton, a visiting scholar at the Duke University Marine Laboratory in Beaufort, North Carolina and lead author of the study.

"Having photographic evidence that these wrecks form an important habitat the sharks return to from time to time gives us a focal point for ongoing research so we can better understand how the species is faring," she said.

"We're now trying to figure out why they return. They could be using the wrecks as rest stops along their migratory paths, but they could also be returning here for mating or possibly to give birth. There are all kinds of hypotheses our team is testing," said Paxton, who formerly was a postdoctoral researcher at the South-East Zoo Alliance for Reproduction & Conservation.

She and her colleagues published their peer-reviewed paper April 22 inEcology.

Having access to photos taken by citizen scientists, including images uploaded to the Spot A Shark USA program led by the North Carolina Aquariums, was vital to the study's success.

advertisement

"This area is called the Graveyard of the Atlantic for a reason -- it has hundreds of wrecks. As researchers, we can't have eyes underwater at each of them," Paxton said. "Being able to rely on scuba divers and other citizen scientists who are out there and have cameras with them extends our reach."

Each sand tiger shark has a unique pattern of brown spots on its skin that acts like a fingerprint, allowing scientists to identify individual sharks and distinguish them from others of their species.

By analyzing and comparing the spot patterns on sharks in divers' photos dating back to 2007, Paxton and her colleagues identified six female sand tiger sharks that have returned to the same wrecks, or to similar wrecks close by, at intervals ranging from one to 72 months apart.

"This is the first time we've been able to document site fidelity to habitats in offshore waters along the East Coast," Paxton said. "Previous studies have shown similar behavior patterns in Australia and Africa and in estuarine habitats such as Delaware Bay, so what we are finding off North Carolina definitely fits into global patterns."

Male sharks may also exhibit site fidelity to wrecks off the North Carolina coast, but so far no matching photos have been found to prove it.

That may change as more and more citizen scientists share their images, said Hap Fatzinger, director of the North Carolina Aquarium at Fort Fisher and a co-author of the study.

"Through collaborations and strong partnerships, Spot A Shark USA is engaging recreational divers to become citizen scientists and provide essential data to expand our knowledge," Fatzinger said. "By increasing community engagement, we are creating stronger connections to local, regional and global concerns for sharks and healthy ocean ecosystems."

Erica Blair, a graduating senior at Duke and a co-author of the new study, helped map the unique spot patterns on the sharks' skin that were used to confirm their identities. Brian Silliman, Rachel Carson Associate Professor of Marine Conservation Biology at Duke's Nicholas School of the Environment, also co-authored the study.

Story Source:

Materialsprovided byDuke University.注:内容可以编辑为圣yle and length.


Journal Reference:

  1. Avery B. Paxton, Erica Blair, Camryn Blawas, Michael H. Fatzinger, Madeline Marens, Jason Holmberg, Colin Kingen, Tanya Houppermans, Mark Keusenkothen, John McCord, Brian R. Silliman, Linda M. Penfold.Citizen science reveals female sand tiger sharks ( Carcharias taurus ) exhibit signs of site fidelity on shipwrecks.Ecology, 2019; e02687 DOI:10.1002/ecy.2687

Cite This Page:

Duke University. "Sand tiger sharks return to shipwrecks off N.C. coast: Coast's hundreds of shipwrecks are important habitats for vulnerable shark species." ScienceDaily. ScienceDaily, 22 April 2019. /releases/2019/04/190422104958.htm>.
Duke University. (2019, April 22). Sand tiger sharks return to shipwrecks off N.C. coast: Coast's hundreds of shipwrecks are important habitats for vulnerable shark species.ScienceDaily. Retrieved August 21, 2023 from www.koonmotors.com/releases/2019/04/190422104958.htm
Duke University. "Sand tiger sharks return to shipwrecks off N.C. coast: Coast's hundreds of shipwrecks are important habitats for vulnerable shark species." ScienceDaily. www.koonmotors.com/releases/2019/04/190422104958.htm (accessed August 21, 2023).

Explore More
from ScienceDaily

RELATED STORIES